|
Schools of Buddhism refers to the various institutional and doctrinal divisions of Buddhism that have existed from ancient times up to the present. The classification and nature of various doctrinal, philosophical or cultural facets or schools of Buddhism is vague and has been interpreted in many different ways, often due to the sheer number (perhaps thousands) of different sects, subsects, movements, etc. that have made up or currently make up the whole of Buddhist traditions. The sectarian and conceptual divisions of Buddhist thought are part of the modern framework of Buddhist studies, as well as comparative religion in Asia. From a largely English language standpoint, and to some extent in most of Western academia, Buddhism is separated into two groups at its foundation: Theravāda literally, "the Teaching of the Elders" or "the Ancient Teaching," and Mahāyāna, literally the "Great Vehicle." The most common classification among scholars is threefold, with Mahāyāna itself split between the traditional Mahāyāna teachings, and the Vajrayāna teachings which emphasize esotericism. == Classifications == The ''Macmillan Encyclopedia of Religion'' distinguishes three types of classification of Buddhism, separated into "Movements", "Nikāyas" and "Doctrinal schools": * Schools: * * Theravada, ''basically in South Asia and Southeast Asia.'' * * Mahāyāna, ''basically in East Asia.'' * * Vajrayāna, ''basically in Tibet, Bhutan, Mongolia and the Russian republic of Kalmykia.'' * Nikāyas, or monastic fraternities, three of which survive at the present day: * * Theravāda, in Southeast Asia and South Asia * * Dharmaguptaka, in China, Korea and Vietnam * * Mūlasarvāstivāda, in the Tibetan tradition * Doctrinal schools 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Schools of Buddhism」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|